22. Apr. 2010. – 11:42:58
Although some might comment that there is much that needs to be done about the performance of some criminal lawyers there is absolutely no doubt in my mind that especially since 1997 they have had to regularly absorb and apply increasingly vast amounts of new information produced by umpteen changes to the criminal law. Failure to follow correct or appropriate procedures can have dire consequences.
Pre trial Bail is an area of the criminal justice system where judgement of the possible future actions of, at this stage, an innocent person has to be made. This is a matter where every day thousands of such decisions are made at Magistrates` Courts. I was going to add, "including bail in murder charges" but since 10th March [para 168 below] this would now be reserved for judges at Crown Court. CPS guidance below.
165. Section 114 amends Schedule 1 to the Bail Act 1976.
166. Section 114(2) provides that bail may not be granted to someone charged with murder unless the court is of the opinion that there is no significant risk that, if released on bail, that person would commit an offence that would be likely to cause physical or mental injury to another person. Furthermore section 114(3)(a) states that the court in deciding whether there is no such significant risk, must have regard to any relevant considerations as stated in paragraph 9 of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Bail Act 1976. Section 114(3)(b) amends paragraph 9 in relation to bail decisions where the alleged offence is imprisonable and triable in the Crown Court. This section provides that, in deciding whether to grant bail in a case where the court is satisfied that there are substantial grounds for believing that the person would commit an offence while on bail, the court must have regard to the risk that such further offending would, or would be likely to, cause physical or mental injury to another person.
167. Section 115 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009, provides that where a person is charged with murder, bail can only be granted by a judge of the Crown Court. The power of the magistrate's court to consider bail in murder cases, whether at first hearing or after a breach of an existing bail condition, is now removed.
168. Where a person charged with murder appears or is brought before a magistrate's court, a bail decision must be made by a judge of the Crown Court as soon as is reasonably practicable, and in any event within 48 hours (excluding public holidays) beginning with the day after the person's appearance in the magistrates' court. If necessary the person must be committed in custody to the Crown Court to enable a bail decision to be made (see s115(4)). It is immaterial (see s 115(5)) whether that person is at the same time sent for trial or being remanded following adjournment of proceedings under section 52 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, which requires a defendant charged with an offence only triable in the Crown Court to be sent by the magistrate's court to the Crown Court forthwith.
It would appear therefore that JPs will no longer have to decide on bail for those charged with murder. In any case it was a rare occasion. I have sat on only three such occasions and so such events remain fixed in my memory.
Prior to my sitting where I do now I was on the bench when in 2001 Patrick Nolan was brought to court and charged with the murder of his wife. The facts as they were presented at the time were that he had killed his wife twenty years previously and buried her under the foundations of a new hospital building where he worked on its construction. I believe, although I am not sure, that at the time he had no history of serious criminal activity. He pleaded not guilty and we retired to consider his application for bail. As I recall it was not an instant decision. We spent quite some time discussing it because even on the most serious of all offences bail had to be a possibility. We concluded that for various reasons bail would be refused and he was remanded in custody and eventually found guilty and given a life sentence.
I cannot say I am unhappy that this power is no longer available to me as a magistrate. Just as our sentencing powers are limited to six months` custody and could reasonably be extended to double that on the other hand the removal of our jurisdiction to sit on bail decisions on the charge of murder is not unreasonable
No comments:
Post a Comment